Relation of Oxidant-Antioxidant Status with Glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

In diabetes mellitus, persistence of hyperglycemia was reported to cause increased production of oxidative parameters, and decreased antioxidant status. Therefore, the present study considered to evaluate the effect of glycemic control on oxidant-antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients. The study examined 145 type 2 diabetic patients, who attend to the National Diabetic Center (Al-Mustansiyriah University). Patients were divided in two groups, as well
glycemic controlled (group1[75 patients]) (HbA1c< 7%, and FSG < 110 mg/dl) and poorly controlled (group2 [70 patients]) (had HbA1c≥ 7%, and FSG ≥ 110). All patients were reported in the morning after overnight fast, and underwent physical examination and laboratory tests.
Height and weight were noted for Body Mass Index (BMI), it was calculated as weight (Km)/height2 (m2).
Laboratory evaluations consisted of measuring fasting serum glucose (FSG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte-Glutation (GSH), ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), and cerulopalsmine (CP). The results indicate that fasting serum FSG, HbA1c, (MDA), (TC), and (TG), were increased significantly (P<0.01 for FSG, HbA1c, MDA; and P<0.05 for TC, and TC) in poorly controlled subjects comparing to well controlled. Instead of that there is significant increase in (CP) (P<0.05) in poorly controlled patients. On the other hand there is significant decreased in (GSH, (AA), (UA) (P<0.01 for GSH, AA; and P<0.05 for UA) in poorly controlled compared to well controlled diabetic patients. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation in serum HbA1c-MDA, GSH-AA (P<0.01; and P<0.05 respectively) in both group, while there is only positive correlation in HbA1c-FSG (P<0.01) in well controlled patients, and positive correlation in HbA1c-TC in poorly controlled patients. On the other hand, there is a significant negative correlation in MDA-GSH, MDA-AA, and MDA-UA in both studying group. The present study concludes the increased risk of oxidative stress manifested by increased plasma MDA, and decreased antioxidant levels in poor glycemic control. The study therefore suggests, the estimation of antioxidants levels with other routine investigations may be useful in reduce of the oxidative stress in diabetics.