The effect of sulbutiamine, thiamine, riboflavin and their combinations on apoptotic biomarkers (CASP-3, CASP-9) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in vancomycin-induced acute renal failure in male rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v25i2.1142Keywords:
Vancomycin, ARF, Sulbutiamine, Apoptosis, NGALAbstract
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat anaerobic and aerobic gram-positive bacteria, for example, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Vancomycin had some side effects, such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, hypersensitivity reactions, and more. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential apoptotic effect of vancomycin on renal tissue and also evaluate the reno-protective effects of sulbutiamine, thiamine, riboflavin, and their combinations through inhibiting apoptosis.
Forty-two male rats were employed in this study, divided randomly into seven groups: the first group was the control group, the second group (the vancomycin group received 200 mg/ml twice daily) from the 15th-21st day of the study, and the other three groups were pretreated with sulbutiamine (50 mg/kg, orally once daily), thiamine (100 mg/kg, orally once daily), and riboflavin (100 mg/kg, orally once daily), respectively, for 21 days of the study. The sixth group was a combination group that received a mix of sulbutiamine and riboflavin, and the seventh group received a mix of thiamine and riboflavin for 21 days. The last five groups received vancomycin 200 mg/ml twice daily from the 15th-21st day of the study. The result of this study showed a significant increase p<0.05 in caspase-3, caspase-9, and NGAL in the induction group, while in the other group that was pretreated with sulbutiamine, thiamine, riboflavin, and their combinations, the mean tissue CASP-3, CASP-9, and concentration were significantly decreased. We concluded that the sulbutiamine, thiamine, and riboflavin-treated groups showed a significant decrease in caspase 3, caspase 9, and NGAL levels compared to the vancomycin-treated group. The combination group (sulbutiamine and riboflavin) showed the most significant decrease in mean tissue concentrations of CASP3, CASP9, and NGAL due to the additive effects of both treatments.
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