Protective Effects of Omega-3 Supplement Against Doxorubicin-Induced Renal Injury in Male Rats: Histopathological Study

Ahmed Sabah Malik; Suhad Faisal Hatem; Bahir Abdul Razzaq Mshemish

doi:10.32947/ajps.v25i3.1237

Authors

Ahmed Sabah Malik Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Suhad Faisal Hatem Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Bahir Abdul Razzaq Mshemish Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v25i3.1237

Keywords:

Omega-3, Doxorubicin, nephrotoxicity, histopathological changes

Abstract

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent but possesses a significant risk of inducing acute kidney injury (AKI). Unfortunately, it severely affects clinical outcomes and patient quality of life. Omega-3 is widely used as supplement due to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties.

Objective: This study investigates the potential protective effects of Omega-3 fatty acids against DOX-induced renal injury in male rats. Using a controlled experimental design and evaluate the histopathological changes.

Materials & Methods: Forty male rats were randomized into 5 equal groups each consisting of 8 animals as follows, Group I (control group), which received normal saline orally for 4 weeks followed by a single injection of NS intraperitoneally (IP), Group II (induction group), which received NS orally for 4 weeks followed by a single dose of DOX 15mg/ kg IP, Groups III, IV, V, which received oral doses of Omega-3 (100mg/ kg, 200mg/ kg, 400mg/ kg, respectively) for 4 weeks followed by a single dose of DOX 15mg/ kg IP. kidney from each rat were extracted and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histological examination using H&E stain.

Results: Omega-3 supplementation significantly preserved renal histological integrity. Group IV and V showed approximately normal renal tubules with normal glomeruli & mild vascular congestion and the normal collecting tubule & thick segment of loop of Henle. While severe vascular degeneration of the lining cells of the renal tubules with necrosis and marked tubular dilation of collecting tubules in DOX group compared to control group.

Conclusion: Omega-3 nephroprotective effects against DOX-induced toxicity reveals its multifaceted role in enhancing preserving histological integrity of renal tissues

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