Assessment of Serum S100A8 Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients on Infliximab
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Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, damaging autoimmune disease identified by systemic inflammation; it initially impacts the joints. S100A8 is a calcium-binding protein and one of the S100 protein family, which is crucial for developing multiple inflammatory diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis.
Objective: This study aims to estimate serum S100A8 levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving infliximab therapy and its effect on disease activity.
Methods: A case-controlled study was conducted on 65 rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving infliximab infusion therapy and 25 healthy individuals as control. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to determine S100A8 levels. In addition, Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) scores and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were also assessed.
Results: The current study demonstrated that the levels of S100A8 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were significantly higher than in healthy controls, with a p-value less than 0.0001. Also, it was useful for distinguishing individuals with rheumatoid arthritis from a healthy subject, with excellent Area Under the Curve (AUC) and very high sensitivity and specificity (95.38% and 100%, respectively). Furthermore, this study shows a weak positive correlation between S100A8 and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) in rheumatoid arthritis patients (R = 0.087, p = 0.491).
Conclusion: This study concluded that, despite taking infliximab therapy, the levels of S100A8 remained higher in rheumatoid arthritis patients when compared with controls, indicating that it could be a marker for rheumatoid arthritis disease.
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