New Advances in ocular inserts: A nod to nanotechnology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v25i3.1190Keywords:
ocular inserts, nanotechnology, ocusert, bioadhesionAbstract
Ocular drug delivery is an interesting and unique field for formulation scientists because of the many physiological and anatomical barriers of the eye. Although the eye is easily available for topical application only low amount of the administered dose reach the ocular tissues. Most of the applied medication, in particular eye drops which comprise 90% of all ocular medications, easily removed by blinking, excessive tearing, nasolacrymal drainage and corneal barriers.
Enhance pre-corneal residence time in ocular tissues is required to enhance bioavailability and reduce instillation time. Among the strategies used to enhance pre-corneal residence time is using ocular inserts. They are sterile solid or semisolid preparations that usually placed in cul-de-sac of the conjunctiva to increase pre-corneal residence time of the loaded drug. They must be formulated at specific thickness, shape and size to avoid eye irritation once applied. They can also be used for sustained drug delivery to the eye and the possibility of application of more than one drug at the same time. In this review we will look into the types of inserts, mechanism of drug release from the inserts and their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, we will have a deep look into how nanotechnology improved ocular inserts and the new advances in this field.
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